powered by Floatbox

Turkey Free Wheeling 土耳其九減二世遺自駕遊 -

26 May to 13 Jun 2011

從約旦轉戰土耳其，僱了一輛九座位的私家客車，配置人肉導航（司機），用了十八天時間，行車約七千公里，走遍境內的七個世遺景點。土耳其共有九個世遺，散落在東西南北，因時間關係，只得放棄 Troy 和 Divrigi，故旅程戲稱為“世遺九減二”。有失有得，因利成便，到了愛琴海的 Samos，是希臘最近土耳其的島嶼。這次約旦、土耳其二十八天旅程，盛惠每人三千三百美元左右，全程汽車代步，是 Door-to-Door Transfer，真箇算是豪得可以！。

Kindly let me know you like this!! 請多鼓勵！！    

• Turkey 土耳其

  土耳其處於亞洲與歐洲連接處的重要位置，控制著黑海的入口，總面積達780576平方公裡。北臨黑海，南臨地中海，東南與敘利亞、伊拉克接壤，西臨愛琴海，並與希臘以及保加利亞接壤，東部與格魯吉亞、亞美尼亞、阿塞拜疆和伊朗接壤。
  土耳其的西北邊是東色雷斯（即東南歐洲），24476km²，剩余的部分則算是小亞細亞（又稱安那托利亞）。安那托利亞半島形狀大致呈長方形，佔土耳其總面積97％。色雷斯所佔面積雖不超過3％，卻包含土耳其人口10％以上，其中大部分住在伊斯坦堡。色雷斯與小亞細亞被博斯普魯斯海峽、達達尼爾海峽和馬爾馬拉海分開，隔黑海與羅馬尼亞、烏克蘭、俄羅斯和格魯吉亞相望。 土耳其大部分屬高原地形，地殼持續變動，地震頻仍。
  
  出發前在 Google Map 上鎖定境內的九個世遺景點，計劃用兩個星期走一個圈來遊遍。
  
  Short Video of the Food and Delights during our trip. (HD1080p 6min40sec 24fps 2Kbps 102MB)
  

  
  View Turkey Unesco in a larger map

  土耳其食物的烹調方式亦以燒烤為主，普遍是雞、羊、牛，因有黑海、地中海與愛琴海包圍，海產在沿海區域是不缺。內陸的河流，湖泊亦不少，淡水魚類也不難找到。 主糧是米飯與烤飽，菜蔬以蕃茄、果椒、青瓜和馬鈴薯為主，或烤或作沙律伴碟。
  生果種類也多。茶、咖啡與乳酪是日常飲品，是西方式的泡制，餐後甜品是常規的配答，冰琪琳是一絕，奶的份量很重，是不能錯過！
  酒類飲料很開放，不像阿拉伯國家那樣禁絕，但價錢也不太便宜。

• Istanbul 伊斯坦堡

  Istanbul, the capital of Turkey, is a fascinating city of contrasts - a unique blend of old and new, ideally situated on a hilly area between the desert and the fertile Turkey Valley.
  
  伊斯坦堡是歐亞的交匯點，開放與現代化的程度不亞於歐洲的大城市。伊斯坦堡的名勝很集中，全處於一條軸線上，由東向西伸延。要細意欣賞的話，一星期也不嫌多，景點以皇宮，回教寺，東正教堂，古羅馬建築為主，目不暇給。
  
  出發前在 Google Map 上鎖定伊斯坦堡景點分布，以方便瀏覽。
  
  
  
  
  
  Scenic Spots: (click each to see individual HD video)
  ◆ Sultanahmet Camii (Blue Mosque)
  ◆ Ayasofya (Hagia Sophia)
  ◆ Topkapi Palace
  ◆ Bosphorus
  ◆ Sultan Bayezid Camii
  ◆ Shehzade Camii
  ◆ Sulemaniye Camii
  ◆ Basilica Cistern
  ◆ Grand Bazaar, Spice Bazaar, The Old & New Towns
  

  
  View Turkey - Istanbul in a larger map

• Safranbolu 番紅花堡

  From the 13th century to the advent of the railway in the early 20th century, Safranbolu was an important caravan station on the main East–West trade route. The Old Mosque, Old Bath and Süleyman Pasha Medrese were built in 1322. During its apogee in the 17th century, Safranbolu's architecture influenced urban development throughout much of the Ottoman Empire.
  
  番紅花堡成為世遺，主要是它的 Ottoman 時代的民居建築，特色是四方盒形的設計，再蓋上菱角形屋頂，用泥土與木椿結合成。除了在市內瀏躂，還可以到近郊的峽谷、İncekaya Aqueduct 水道橋、 Bulak Mağarası(Mencilis)Cavern 洞窟觀光。
  
  HD1080 59.99MB 00:03:52 MP4 Video of Safranbolu. (click thumbnail to watch)
  
  
  
  
  Click Bouncing Mark for Local Map.
  
  

• Çorum 喬魯姆

  The history of the area around the present-day city is known to go as far back as the Paleolithic ages, with small settlements and tools from the era variously having been excavated over the past century.
  The city and surrounding area rose to prominence with the emergence of the Hittite Empire between 1650-1200 BC, under the patronage of which the arts and local economy significantly developed and prospered. Hattusa, the capital of Hittite Empire, was located in the region owing to its inherent geographic protection, and the well-established local economy as supported by the regional Karum system.
  Following the collapse of the Hittites, the Phyrgian Empire continued to keep stability in the region.
  After the Phyrgians, the city underwent various rulerships, with the most prominent being the Medes, the Persians, Macedonians, Galatians, the Romans, the Byzantines, the Seljuks, and ultimately the Ottomans in the fourteenth century.
  
  Scenic Spots:
  ◆ Alaca Höyük, Hattusha Boğazköy
  ◆ Yazilikaya Temple, Hattusha Boğazköy
  
  

• Alaca Höyük, Hattusha

  Alacahöyük (Alacahoyuk, Alacahuyuk) is located 36km to the north-east of the Hattusha (Bogazköy) in north central Turkey in the Çorum province. It was first excavated by Makridi Bey in 1907, but proper researches started in 1935 by the Turkish Historical Association.
  Alacahöyük was an important city in pre-Hittite times, but after the Hittite conquest it remained in the shadow of the nearby capital Hattuša. The most important findings of the location are the artifacts from the pre-Hittite royal tombs dating from about 2500 B.C. But most of the standing monuments are from the Hittite times. The town walls with their carved orthostats have inner and outer gateways with ramps for archers. The southern outer monumental gateway, erected by the Hittite after they reoccupied Alaca was set between two towers, guarded by two great sphinxes. In the doorjambs are 13 foot hight monoliths carved to create each seven foot high sphinx. Inside the Sphinx Gate was a large Hittite building complex that still requires excavation. The bases of the two towers by the Sphinx Gate are decorated with several orthostats. Most of the reliefs and spinxes date from 14th centurty BC. The originals are replaced with replicas at the site and moved to Anatolian Civilizations Museum in Ankara.
  
  Scenic Spots:
  ◆ The Lower City of Hattusha,
  ◆ The Lion Gate,
  ◆ Tunnel and the Sphinx Gate,
  ◆ City Wall,
  ◆ The King's Gate,
  ◆ The Hyrogliphic Chamber, etc
  
  Short Video of the Alacahöyük. (HD1080P MP4 7min7sec 24fps 2Kbps 106.24MB)
  
  
  

  Hattusha 佔地面積廣闊，用腳去跑的話，可能要用上一整天的時間。售票口附近是低地古鎮，重整了的廢墟，殘留著城門口、通道、民居，水道與地道的基殼。從低地古鎮往山上走，可以見到規模比較大的城廓，有圍牆、城門、隧道、水庫等遺跡。整個山頭石堆處處，勾畫出一個石頭建造的大城市。

• Yazilikaya Temple, Hattusha

  Situated among low rolling hills, 170 kilometers east of Ankara and adjacent to the small town of Bogazkale, stands the ancient Hittite sanctuary of Yazilikaya. Meaning 'inscribed rock' in the Turkish language, Yazilikaya is an open air, natural rock shrine at a place where a spring of fresh water once flowed. The site has characteristics similar to other Anatolian spring-sanctuaries, and may well have been a place of worship for hundreds or thousands of years before the rise of Hittite power.
  
  Scenic Spots:
  ◆ the Museum,
  ◆ Yazilikaya Temple
  
  Short Video of the Museum and Yazilikaya. (HD1080 MP4 4min23sec 24fps 2Kbps 65.53MB)
  
  
  

  Yazilikaya 是一個古露天廟宇的遺址，內裡的石壁雕刻著各式各樣的古武士，有阿拉伯裝束的，亦有像十字軍東征模樣的戰士。

• Cappadocia 卡帕多西亞

  Cappadocia which is unique in the world and is a miraculous nature wonder is the common name of the field covered by the provinces of Aksaray, Nevsehir, Nigde, Kayseri and Kirsehir in the Central Anatolian region.
  
  卡帕多西亞除了嶙峋的奇岩怪石最為旅客讚嘆外，這一帶的地下城亦是遊客必到之地。據說地下城數目過百以上，有的仍有人居住，設有寢室、客廳、廚房等等，地道四通八達，仿如迷宮。到了卡帕多西亞，就不能錯過 Ihlara 爾拉喇大峽谷，峽谷流水潺潺，清幽雅致，谷的兩壁遺留有石室教堂與穴，不下百數，石室教堂內洞中有洞，有些殘留著壁畫。沿河向西走，是行山小徑，道路平坦，長約14km，偷得浮生半日閒，在谷內瀏躂，是長時間旅途難得的小休。
  
  Scenic Spots:
  ◆ Göreme open air museum
  ◆ Zelve open air museum
  ◆ Avanos - the Clay Pottery City
  ◆ Uchisar Castle
  ◆ Derinkuyu Underground City
  ◆ Kaymaklı Underground City
  ◆ Gaziemir Underground City
  ◆ Ihlara valley
  
  Click Bouncing Mark for Local Map.
  
  

• Göreme/Zelve Tarihi Milli Parkı

  In a spectacular landscape, entirely sculpted by erosion, the Göreme valley and its surroundings contain rock-hewn sanctuaries that provide unique evidence of Byzantine art in the post-Iconoclastic period. Dwellings, troglodyte villages and underground towns – the remains of a traditional human habitat dating back to the 4th century – can also be seen there.
  
  Göreme Tarihi Milli Parkı- The area covered by this Open Air Museum forms a coherent geographical entity and represents historical unity. There are eleven refectories within the Museum, with rock-cut churches tables and benches. Each is associated with a church. Most of the churches in Goreme Open Air Museum belong to the 10th, 11th and 12th centuries.In the 3rd century, priests with good character changed the region into a lively centre of Christian activity. In the 4th century Cappadocia became known as the land of the three saints; The Great St. Basil, Bishop of Kayseri; his brother St. Gregory of Nyssa, and St. Gregory of Nazianus. St. Basil founded small, secluded settlements far away from villages and towns. Daily worship was carried out under the supervision of a preacher. These groups were not, however, privileged groups separated from the community like similar communities in Egypt and Syria. St. Basil is important in that he introduced worship within the community in the churches of Cappadocia. Göreme Open Air Museum is the place where this kind of religious education was started. The same model was then introduced in Soğanlı, Ihlara and Açıksaray.
  
  Zelve Archaeological Site - The valley was inhabited until 1952. Apart from monasteries and churches, houses, a tunnel joining two of the valleys, a mill, a mosque and several dove-cotes are found in the valley. Like the ones in Uçhisar, Göreme and Çavuşin, it is not known when the rock dwellings in Zelve were first inhabited but it was an important settlement and religious area during the 9th and 13th centuries. The first seminaries to priests were given here. The Direkli Church (with Columns), situated at the bottom of the slopes, dates back to the early years of monastery life in Zelve. The main decorations are high relief crosses belonging to the Iconoclastic doctrine. Some of the most important churches in the valley are Balıklı (Fish), Üzu¨mlu¨ (Grape) and Geyikli (Deer), belonging to the Pre-Iconoclastic period.
  
  Short Video of the Open Air Museum. (HD1080 MP4 7min53sec 24fps 2Kbps 120.09MB)
  
  
  

  Göreme 的石山主要分為兩部分–收費與免費。免費的整個 Ürgüp 到處都是，可近觀遠眺，隨心到處瀏覽欣賞。要收費的是指公園博物館，裡面主要是有多座石室教堂，有些尚存有壁畫，但已風化，一鱗半爪還可以找到。

• Uchisar Castle

  Uchisar is situated at the highest point in Cappadocia, on the Nevsehir-Goreme road, just 5 km from Goreme. The top of the Uchisar Castle, provides a magnificent panorama of the surrounding area with Mount Erciyes in the distance.
  
  Many rooms hollowed out into the rock are connected to each other with stairs, tunnels and passages. At the entrances of the rooms, there are millstone doors, just like the ones in the underground settlements, used to control access to these places. Due to the erosion in places of this multi-leveled castle, it is unfortunately not possible to reach all the rooms. Most of the rooms, located on the north side of the castle are in use as pigeon houses (dovecuts) today. Farmers used these cave pigeon houses to collect the droppings of pigeons which is an excellent natural fertilizer for the orchards and vineyards.
  
  Short Video of the Uchisar Castle. (HD1080 MP4 1min52sec 24fps 2Kbps 27.45MB)
  
  
  

  Uchisar Castle 算不上是一座堡壘，面積不大，內裡也不唐煌。它之所以出名是因為地處 Ürgüp 的最高點，從上面可以俯瞰整個市及遠眺四方，從山上觀望 Göreme， 整個地理風貌一覽無遺，是熱氣球以外從高空看石山的另一選擇。

• The Underground Cities

  One of the characteristics of Cappadocia is having plenty of underground cities. It’s known that there are more than a hundred of underground settlements in the region and many of them are not open for visits. The underground cities, which are guessed to be used since the Bronze Age, used to be a aettlement mostly in Byzantine period, doubtless. In this period, doubtless, increasing invasion forced local residents to build underground cities for protectiopn and religious purposes.
  
  Short Video of the three Underground Cities. (HD1080P 9min25sec 24fps 2Kbps 145.34MB)
  
  
  Scenic Spots:
  ◆ Derinkuyu underground city,
  The Derinkuyu underground city is located in the same named town Derinkuyu, which is situated 40km from Goreme (30 minute drive). There are about 600 outside doors to the city, hidden in the courtyards of surface dwellings. The underground city is approximately 85m deep. It contains all the usual rooms found in an underground city (stables, cellars, storage rooms, refectories, churches, wineries etc.) Apart from these, a large room with a barrel vaulted ceiling on the second floor was a missionary school, the rooms to the left being study rooms.
  ◆ Kaymaklı Underground City,
  Opened to visitors in 1964, Kaymaklı Underground City was built under the Citadel of Kaymaklı, 19 km from Nevşehir, on the Nevşehir-Niğde road.
  In the village of Kaymaklı, the ancient village of Enegup, houses have been constructed near hundreds of tunnels leading to the underground city. The inhabitants of the region still use the tunnels as cellars, storage areas, and stables, which they access through their courtyards.
  ◆ Gaziemir Underground City,
  Gaziemir Undergorund City, which was opened on june 23,2007, has an entrance hall built with stone and it is 10 m in length. This hall is built with overlap technigue that we see another example in Hattusha, the capital city og Hittites. At the end of the hall there is an open area to reach the other parts of the underground city. The other parts of the structure is located around this area. This structure has kept being unavailable because this area was full of mud that was carried by floods.
  
  

  Cappadocia 除了嶙峋的奇岩怪石，它的地下城市亦是這個地方的一絕，是不能錯過的景點。地下城最多有七層約八十多米深，只開放了四層，雖要跟隨路牌指示單向走，不然會迷失洞內。

• Ihlara Vadisi

  Ihlara Valley, near Mount Hasan and Mount Melendiz (two of the three volcanoes of Cappadocia) is a canyon with a depth of approximately 100m and was formed by the Melendiz River thousands of years ago. It begins at Ihlara village and ends with Selime Monastery at Selime village after making 26 bends along 14 kilometers.
  It is believed that the valley housed more than four thousand dwellings and a hundred cave churches decorated with frescoes. Around eighty thousand people once lived in Ihlara Valley.
  
  
  
  Short Video of Ihlara Vadisi. (HD1080P 5min33sec 24fps 2Kbps 84.03MB)
  
  
  

  Ihlara 峽谷除了山清水秀的自然景觀之外，最特色的是谷內的石室教堂，大大小小共十數間，有的洞內還有未被完全破壞的壁畫。沿河道從東往西走共約十四公里，是步行小徑，平坦又不難走，是理想的行山步道。

• Nemrut Dağı Milli Parkı 尼姆

  Nemrut Dağı Milli Parkı (Mt Nemrut National Park) is probably the star attraction of eastern Turkey, and rightly so. The enigmatic statues sitting atop the summit have become a symbol of Turkey. The stunning scenery and historical sights and the undeniable sense of mystique and folly that emanates from the site make a visit here essential.
  
  The spellbinding peak of Nemrut Dağı (nehm-root dah-uh) rises to a height of 2150m in the Anti-Taurus Range between the provincial capital of Malatya to the north and Kahta in Adıyaman province to the south.
  
  Nobody knew anything about Nemrut Dağı until 1881, when a German engineer, employed by the Ottomans to assess transport routes, was astounded to come across the statues covering this remote mountaintop. Archaeological work didn’t begin until 1953, when the American School of Oriental Research undertook the project.
  
  Scenic Spots:
  ◆ Nemrud Dagi
  ◆ Cendere Roman Bridge
  ◆ Kahta Castle
  
  Click Bouncing Mark for Visualization.
  
  

• Nemrud Dagi

  The Sanctuary of Nemrud Dagi is one of the most remarkable, best preserved, but least known monuments of Asia Minor. The site, called by its builder a hierothesion, or "common dwelling place of all the gods next to the heavenly thrones," is situated 2150m above sea level atop one of the highest peaks in the Anti-Taurus Mountains of southeastern Turkey near the banks of the Euphrates River. The monument is one of the premier sites of the Late Hellenistic period. It was constructed by King Antiochus I of Commagene in the mid-1st century BCE to command a 360° view of the ranges, plains, and towns that comprised his ancient kingdom. It became the main sanctuary of his ruler cult to which worshippers from all over this kingdom were expected to go on the monthly and yearly anniversary of the king's birth and his accession to the throne.
  
  尼姆（露天）神殿，類似我國的皇陵，禿立在一個小丘上，四面沒有遮擋。神殿的東、西設有祭壇，東殿應該是前殿，祭壇的模式也較後殿宏偉。由于年代久遠，祭壇上的帝皇與神物等頭像已經塌下，散落在山坡的平台上，每具頭像有一米多高，直徑約半米左右，可想而知當年建造的時候，所費的人力物力之巨。
  
  Short Video of the Nemrud Dagi. (HD1080 MP4 7min53sec 24fps 2Kbps 120.09MB)
  
  
  

• Cendere Roman Bridge

  The Cendere Bridge (also known as Severan Bridge, Chabinas Bridge or in Turkish: Cendere Köprüsü) is situated in Kahta Cayi valley within the Mount Nemrut national park. The bridge is constructed of 92 stones, each weighing about 10 tons as a simple arch at the narrowest point of the Chabinas Creek (Cendere Çayı in Turkish). At 112 feet, the span is the second largest arch bridge built by the Romans in existence today.
  
  It was built by four Kommagenean cities in honor of the Roman Emperor Lucius Septimius Severus (193-211), his second wife Julia Domna and their sons Lucius Septimius Bassianus Caracalla and Publius Septimius Antoninius Geta.
  
  There were originally four Corinthian columns on the bridge, two columns on the Kahta side dedicated to Septimius Severus himself and his wife, and two another columns on the Sincik side dedicated to Caracalla and Geta, all 30 feet in height. However, the column of Geta was removed following his assassination by Caracalla, who damned his memory and ordered his name to be removed from all inscriptions.
  
  Short Video of the Cendere Roman Bridge. (HD1080 MP4 1min52sec 24fps 2Kbps 27.45MB)
  
  
  

  Uchisar Castle 算不上是一座堡壘，面積不大，內裡也不唐煌。它之所以出名是因為地處 Ürgüp 的最高點，從上面可以俯瞰整個市及遠眺四方，從山上觀望 Göreme， 整個地理風貌一覽無遺，是熱氣球以外從高空看石山的另一選擇。

• Kahta Castle

  This fortress is about 60 km. east of Adiyaman, near Kocahisar village. Kahta Castle or Eski Kale is built on a 300-350 metre high rock. Archeologists have proven it to be the fortress for the kings of Commagene. Certain additions were made in Mameluk times to give the appearance that it has today. The castle is surrounded by high walls with only one entrance gate. Inside are houses, shopping areas, a bazaar, a mosque, cisterns, a jail and a dungeon.
  
  Short Video of Kahta Castle. (HD1080P 9min25sec 24fps 2Kbps 145.34MB)
  
  
  
  

  Cappadocia 除了嶙峋的奇岩怪石，它的地下城市亦是這個地方的一絕，是不能錯過的景點。地下城最多有七層約八十多米深，只開放了四層，雖要跟隨路牌指示單向走，不然會迷失洞內。